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Infini- Past Tense Past Participle Infini- Past Tense­ Past Participle
tive tive

­­hide­ hid­ hidden­ rej­te­ni­ think­ thought­ thought­ gon­dol­ni
­­hit­ hit­ hit­ üt­ni­ throw­ trew­ thrown­ dob­ni
­­hold­ held­ held­ tar­ta­ni­ understand­ -stood­ -stood­ ér­te­ni
­­keep­ kept­ kept­ tar­ta­ni­ wake­ woke­ woke/woken­éb­red­ni
­­know­ knew­ known­ tud­ni­ wear­ wore­ worn­ vi­sel­ni
­­lay­ laid­ laid­ fek­tet­ni­ win­ won­ won­ gyõz­ni
­­le­ad­ led­ led­ ve­zet­ni­ write­ wrote­ written­ irni
­­leave­ left­ left­ el­hagy­ni
­­lend­ lent­ lent­ köl­csön­ad

­­II. Sequence of Tenses (Consecutio temporum) Ige idõ egyez te tés
There­is­a­very­important­rule­for­the­complex­sentences.­If­the­predicate­of­the­chief­
sentence­(principal­clause)­is­in­the­past­tense,­the­predicate­of­the­subordinate­sentence­
must­also­be­in­the­past­tense.­(Ha­a­fõ­mon­dat­ál­lít­má­nya­múlt­idõ­ben­van,­a­mel­lék­mon­dat­
ál­lít­má­nyá­nak­szin­tén­múlt­idõ­ben­kell­len­ni.­A­ma­gyar­nyelv­ben­ez­el­té­rõ!)­E.g.:
He­told­me­that­he­learned­Eng­lish.­Azt­mond­ta,­hogy­an­go­lul­ta nul.­I told­him­that­
I was­very­busy.­Mond­tam­ne­ki,­hogy­na­gyon­sok a dol gom.
Exceptions­(ki­vé­te­lek):­if­a­general­or­constant­fact­is­expressed­by­the­subordinate­
sentence,­its­predicate­may­be­in­present­tense.­(Ál­ta­lá­nos,­vagy­ál­lan­dó­tény­ma­rad­hat­
je­len­idõ­ben.)­E.g.:­­ We­learned­that­twice­four­is­eight.
­ ­ ­­ They­knew­that­Lon­don­is­the­capital­of­England.
­ ­ ­­ I­knew­that­he­is­a­bad­man.

Exercises. Translate into Hungarian:
He­said­he­lived­in­Sze­ged,­and­was­now­in­Bu­da­pest­on­a­short­visit.­He­said­(that)­
he­liked­to­travel.­He­knew­Bu­da­pest­very­well,­he­said.
I­saw­that­he­had­a­book­in­his­hand.­I­asked­him­what­it­was.­He­said­it­was­a­book­of­
stories.­He­said­that­some­of­the­stories­were­very­interesting.­I­saw­that­it­was­an­Eng­lish­
book.­I­did­not­know­that­he­could­read­Eng­lish­books.­He­told­me­that­he­always­took­
Eng­lish­books­with­him­when­he­travelled.­I­asked­him­if­he­spoke­Eng­lish.­He­answered­
that­he­could­read­Eng­lish­books­but­could­not­speak.­I­told­him­that­he­had­to­try.­I­began­
to­speak­Eng­lish­to­him­and­he­had­to­answer­me­in­Eng­lish.­(!)­Then­I­saw­that­he­spoke­
the­language­very­well.
NOTE:­If­the­predicate­of­the­principal­clause­is­in­the­present­tense,­the­predicate­of­
the­subordinate­clause­may­be­in­any­tense.­(Ha­a­fõ­mon­dat­ál­lít­má­nya­je­len­idõ­ben­áll,­
az­ alá­ren­delt­ mon­dat­ ál­lít­má­nya­ bár­mely­ idõ­ben­ áll­hat.)­ E.g.:­ The­ man­ who­ was­ he­re­ ­
yesterday­is­my­brother.­Do­you­know­the­man­who­made­this?­He­likes­the­story­which­
he­heard­from­my­friend­last­week.­He­re­is­the­watch­you­asked­me­to­give­you.­This­is­
the­girl­who­helped­me­to­write­my­homework.

III. Accusative with Infinitive
How­do­we­use­the­infinitive?­The­following­sentences­show­you:
1.­I­want­him­to write­my­homework.­Azt­kí­vá­nom,­hogy­meg­ír­ja­a­lec­ké­met.
2.­I­told­her­to go­to­see­Mr.­Smith.­Mond­tam­ne­ki,­hogy­lá­to­gas­sa­meg.­Mr.­Smith-et.­
3.­I­wanted­her­to make­my­dinner.­Azt­kí­ván­tam­tõ­le,­hogy­csi­nál­ja­meg­az­ebé­de­met.
4.­I­saw­him­come in­the­room.­Lát­tam,­hogy­be­jön­a­szo­bá­ba.
5.­I­heard­him­read­the­news­aloud.­Hal­lot­tam,­hogy­han­go­san­ol­vas­sa­a­hí­re­ket.
Ha­a­tár­gyas­ige­utá­ni­tárgy­cse­lek­szik,­vagy­el­szen­ve­di­a­cse­lek­vést,­ak­kor­az­fõ­né­vi­
ige­ne­ves­szer­ke­zet­be­ke­rül.­Ma­gyar­ban­a­hogy­kötöszóval­alá­ren­delt­mon­dat­kö­vet­ke­zik.
Note:­after­make, see, hear, let­infinitive­is­without­to.­(Az­elõb­bi­sza­vak­után­a­fõ­né-
vi­ige­név­­to­nél­kül­áll,­az­az­a­to-t­el­hagy­juk.­Lásd­4.­5.­mon­dat)

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