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–­While­the­Active­Voice­expresses­the­fact­that­the­subject­of­the­sentence­does­the­action,
the­Passive­Voice­expresses­the­fact­that­the­subject­of­the­sentence­suffers­or­receives­the­
action,­which is done by somebody­else.­(A­cse­lek­võ­szer­ke­zet­azt­fe­je­zi­ki,­hogy­a­mon­dat­
ala­nya­vég­zi­cse­lek­vést,­a­szen­ve­dõ­szer­ke­zet­ben­pe­dig­el­szen­ve­di­a­cse­lek­vést,­va­gyis­
raj­ta­megy­vég­be­a­cse­lek­vés.)­For­example:
Active sentence: The­pupil­writes­the­homework.­(A­ta­nu­ló­ír­ja­a­lec­két.)
Passive sentence: The­homework­is­written­(by­the­pupil). A­lec­ke­a­ta­nu­ló­ál­tal­
­ írott,­va­gyis­a­lec­két­a­ta­nu­ló­ír­ja.)
Active sentence: They­can­do­it­in­a­short­time.
Passive sentence:­­ It­can­be­done­in­a­short­time.
VII. Can – May – Must, auxiliary verbs:
Can expresses­ability­(Can­ké­pes­sé­get­fe­jez­ki.)
Affirmative Form­ Interrogative Form Negative Form
­­I­can­write­tu­dok­ír­ni­ can­I­write?­ I­cannot­write
­­you­can­write­tudsz­ír­ni­ can­you­write?­ you­cannot­write
­­he,­she,­it­can­write­tud­ír­ni­ can,­he,­she,­it­write?­ he,­she,­it­cannot­write
­­we,­you,­they­can­write,­etc.
­­Its­substitutes­(he lyet te sí tõi):­­ I­am­able­to­write­
I­am­not­able­to­write­or­ I­am­unable­to­write­
May­expresses­permission,­allowance­or­possibility.­(May­meg­en­ge­dést,­vagy­le­he­tõ­sé­get­
fe­jez­ki.)
Present Tense
­Affirmative Form Interrogative Form Negative Form
­­I­may­write­ír­ha­tok­(mert­ may­I­write?­ I­may­not­write
­­sza­bad,­meg­van­en­ged­ve)
­­It­is­the­same­throughout.­(Vé­gig­ugyan­az)
­­Its­substitutes­(he lyet te sí tõi):­ I­am­allowed­to­write.­ I­am­permitted­to­write.
Must­expresses­necessity,­force,­certainty­and­in­the­negative­prohibition.­(Must­szük­sé-
ges­sé­get,­kény­szert,­bi­zony­ta­lan­sá­got­és­a­ta­ga­dó­alak­ban­ti­lal­mat­fe­jez­ki.)

Present Tense
­­Affirmative Form­ Interrogative Form Negative Form
­­I­must­write­ír­nom­kell­etc.­ must­I­write­?­kell­ír­nom?­ I­must­not­write­nem
sza bad ír nom
­­It­is­throughout­the­same. subject alany
­­Its­substitutes(helyettesitõi):­I­have­to­write,­etc. action­cse­lek­vés
­­I­am­to­write,­etc.­ ­­ suffer­szen­ved,­el­vi­sel
­­In­negative:­I­need­not­write,­etc.­nem­kell­ír­nom receive­el­fo­gad

VIII. Imperative Mood Fel szó lí tó mód
It­has­only­one­tense­(present)­and­one­person­(second).­(Csak­egy­ide­je­és­egy­sze­mé­lye­
van,­a­má­so­dik­sze­mély.)
Affirmative Form
Singular:­­ Read­this­book!­Ol­vasd­ezt­a­köny­vet!­Plural:­
Plural:­ Read­this­book!­Ol­vas­sá­tok­ezt­a­köny­vet!
Negative Form
Singular:­Don’t­read­this­book!­­ Plural:­Don’t­read­this­book!
In­polite­speech­after­the­imperative­we­say­the­word­please,­(Ud­va­ri­as­be­széd­ben­a­fel-
szó­lí­tás­után­a­please­–­ké rem – szót­hasz­nál­juk.)­For­example:­Read­it,­please.

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